What is Pancreatitis?

Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas. It is generally identified by abdominal pain, indigestion, and fever. Pancreatitis can be categorized into one of three categories: 

Types of Pancreatitis

HEREDITARY PANCREATITIS

Pancreatic disease is linked to genetics. Thus, it is important to stay up to date on your health if anyone in your family has pancreatic disease. If you do have hereditary pancreatitis, you may experience flare ups at any age.

ACUTE PANCREATITIS

Acute pancreatitis is a single occurrence (or multiple, infrequent occurrences) of an inflammation of the pancreas. This can be caused by trauma, drinking too much alcohol, medication, or another disease. Acute pancreatitis is still to be taken seriously and can result in anything from general pain to death. It can also damage other organs. Getting the proper treatment immediately is very important.

CHRONIC PANCREATITIS

Usually afflicting middle-aged men, chronic pancreatitis has similar symptoms to acute pancreatitis. However, the attacks will happen more often, and last longer. Generally, this disease is caused by alcohol consumption. Over-consumption of alcohol can cause inflammation of the pancreas, resulting in possible permanent damage.

Causes of Pancreatitis

Pancreatitis is most often caused by gallstones or chronic alcohol use, but it can also result from high levels of triglycerides or calcium in the blood, certain medications, abdominal trauma, or genetic factors. In some cases, the exact cause may not be immediately clear. 

Common causes of pancreatitis include: 

  • Gallstones: Block the pancreatic duct, leading to inflammation. 
  • Alcohol use: Chronic, heavy alcohol consumption is a major cause of chronic pancreatitis. 
  • Medications: Certain drugs, including some antibiotics, can trigger pancreatitis. 
  • Other conditions: High blood fat levels (hypertriglyceridemia), high calcium levels, or inherited conditions like cystic fibrosis. 

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Symptoms of Pancreatitis

The main symptom of pancreatitis is mild or severe upper abdominal pain which can develop suddenly, or gradually. Other symptoms that may occur are the following: 

  • Nausea and vomiting 
  • Lower back pain 
  • Pain that becomes worse after eating 
  • Fever and chills 
  • Weakness 

Risk Factors of Pancreatitis

Certain factors increase the likelihood of developing pancreatitis, including: 

  • Excessive alcohol consumption: Drinking large amounts of alcohol over time. 
  • Smoking: Increases the risk of both acute and chronic pancreatitis. 
  • Gallstones: Having a history of gallstones raises the risk. 
  • Family history: A genetic predisposition to pancreatitis can run in families. 
  • Medical conditions: Conditions such as high triglycerides or certain autoimmune diseases can contribute to the risk. 

Pancreatitis Treatment

Treatment depends on the severity of the condition but typically focuses on reducing inflammation and managing symptoms. 

Acute pancreatitis

Often requires hospitalization to manage pain, provide IV fluids, and prevent complications. In severe cases, surgery may be needed to remove blockages or damaged tissue.

Chronic pancreatitis

Treatment involves managing pain, addressing nutritional deficiencies, and controlling blood sugar levels. Enzyme supplements and dietary changes are commonly recommended. In some cases, surgery or procedures to remove blockages may be necessary.

Lifestyle changes

Quitting alcohol and smoking, maintaining a balanced diet, and managing underlying conditions are important parts of long-term care.

Schedule your Appointment

Dr. Jonathan Erlich is a highly trained gastroenterologist with extensive experience diagnosing and treating patients with Hepatitis C. Call (773) 631-2728 to request an appointment or fill in the form below. 

Frequently Asked Questions

Common symptoms include severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, and a swollen or tender abdomen. The pain may worsen after eating or drinking.
Acute pancreatitis occurs suddenly and can be resolved with treatment, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term condition that can cause permanent damage to the pancreas over time.
Yes, pancreatitis can cause complications such as pancreatic pseudocysts, infections, diabetes, organ failure, and malnutrition if left untreated or poorly managed.
Pancreatitis is typically diagnosed through blood tests to check enzyme levels, imaging tests like CT scans or MRIs, and sometimes endoscopic procedures to examine the pancreas and surrounding organs.
Avoiding alcohol, quitting smoking, eating a low-fat diet, and managing any underlying health issues such as high triglycerides are important lifestyle changes to help manage pancreatitis.
Chronic pancreatitis, especially in people with a history of heavy alcohol use or smoking, can increase the risk of developing pancreatic cancer over time.
Treatments vary depending on severity but may include fasting, IV fluids, pain management, enzyme supplements, and in some cases, surgery or procedures to remove blockages or damaged tissue.
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